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Sorry to hear that you have been concerned. Although incannot diagnose on line it looks within normal limits to me.
You have tiny little hairlike papilla on the top of your tongue. They are normal and are composed of keratin like your hair, skin and nails. Under a microscope these papilla look like little kids party hats, stacked up on each other. They have "leaves" like hair. Because they have space under these leaves on the papilla they become great places for things to ferment.
So I often see discolored tongues, yellow and brown with patients smoking and drinking tea or coffee, red with throat lozenges, blue with blue raspberry ices. The color tends to reflect whatever the patient has had in their mouth.
If you are smoking or drinking caffeine, coffee or tea, and are on any medication it is likely that your mouth is dry. If your mouth is dry these discolorants will stay in your mouth longer because of lack of salivary clearance - a dry mouth. Drinking alcohol and/ or using an alcohol based out rinse may also increase the dryness.
Do not scrub it do not use a tongue scraper aggressively, believe it or not it will actually make the papilla on the tongue get longer and the longer they become the more likely they will discolor.
I suggest that you see a dentist to confirm this clinical impression, they will have seen this more often and will be able to provide an accurate diagnosis. There are also over the counter oral lubricants that may help as well. Check with your pharmacist for good options.
I hope this helps!
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

Although I cannot diagnose on line the attached photo looks like a totally benign clinical condition known as Geographic Tongue. The red areas tend to look flat without the little hairlike papilla (the normal white hairlike projections kniwn as filliform papilla)and often have a slightly raised white border.
The reason it is called Geographic Tongue - or benign migratory glossitis - is that 90% of the time it occurs only on the tongue, usually the lateral (side) borders and the top of the tongue. It tends to be seen on the anterior third of the tongue (tip) but can occur anywhere.
This is a well known condition and is often hereditary and seen with another condition known as fissured tongue. So the next time you see your parents, siblings or children look in their mout and more likely than not someone else will have a similar looking tongue.
This is a variation of normal. It is not spreading on your tongue it is getting better in one place and developing in another. It is not contagious you did not get it from anyone and you cannot give it to anyone. It is not caused by a virus. It is not a canker sore, cold sore or yeast infection.
The reason it can be painful is that the little white hairlike papilla are composed of keratin like your skin hair and nails. We do not know why these papilla fall off with geographic tongue however we know that they do. Without this protection the papilla provide your tongue is naked in these areas and therefore may be uncomfortable with hot, spicy or acidic foods. The papilla will gow back, give it some time.
On a purely anecdotal level, and I have seen hundreds of patients with Geographic Tongue it does seem to become more active with stress. I suggest that you see your dentist to confirm the diagnosis. It is a clinical diagnosis and neither lab tests or biopsy is required. In general I do not treat geographic tongue unless it has become secondarily infected with yeast or bacteria however in my entire career as an oral pathologist I have probably only teated a handful of patients.
It is often misdiagnosed as an oral yeast infection. The anti fungal medication may provide some relief but it is really only treating a secondary yeast infection and the effect is mostly placebo. Yeast is a normal part of your oral flora and keeps your mouth balanced and healthy. If anyone tries to culture your tongue or do a scraping run for the door. if you need a diagnostic procedure you should have a biopsy. and for the record it is not suggestive of a systemic yeast infection, and it is not due to eating bread. If this is geographic tongue antibiotics are never an appropriate treatment, in fact antibiotics will probably make your tongue feel worse. It is not bacterial.
I have found that most people, once they have a diagnosis, are much less stressed about their tongue (with a diagnosis) which will actually make it hurt less. Stop looking at it, playing with it and worrying about it. If it continues to bother you I suggest seeing either a specialist in oral medicine or oral pathology.
If you are using a alcohol based mouth rinse stop it will give you a chemical burn on the unprotected areas of the tongue. In fact stop all mouth rinses and use the most bland old fashioned tooth paste you can find, stay away from the whitening products and look for a toothpaste without SLS. Your pharmacist can help you find one. Do not use hydrogen peroxide as that may also cause a chemical burn. Do not use "organic" toothpaste, many have volatile oils which can also cause a superficial chemical burn. I know it seems like it would be a good idea but in many cases it will make the burning feeling much worse.
Basically once you have confirmed the diagnosis it will be less of a concern, less stress and faster resolution.
I hope this helps.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

I hope you are feeling better. The best advice I can give you is to follow the surgeons post-op instructions carefully.
Unfortunately healing takes time and you will feel better it may just take a few weeks.
If it changes or the pain gets worse go back to the dentist as soon as possible as that this may be an indicator that you are now healing properly or forming a 'dry-socket'.
I hope that this helps.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

No need for concern. What you are looking at is normal anatomy, Circumvallate papilla.
The Circumvallate papilla contain between 700 - 1000 taste buds and are arranged in a "V" shape on the posterior part of the top of the tongue.
Dr. Gwen Cohen PostView Thread

I believe that you should go directly and deal with the most likely cause of your bad breath and see if cutting back or stopping your alcohol and cigarette intake decreases the smell.
I am not quite sure what your dentist means when he said that you may have a lack of oxygen to your mouth. If you can provide more information it may be helpful as you dentist saw you clinically and I did not.
Changing toothpaste may help temporarily but this is not a long term solution and the stronger the mint/peppermint is in the toothpaste the more irritating it can be to the oral mucosa and can potentially also change the balance of the normal oral flora in your mouth.
To this end I strongly recommend that you do not use an "organic" toothpaste as they use volatile oils as flavorings and these oils will be painful if your tissue is irritated.
I believe that you should have a scrupulously clean oral cavity, brush and floss twice a day (gently), use a non alcohol based mouthwash or better yet no mouth rinse at all, and only use a tongue scraper gently and infrequently. Vigorously scraping your tongue could further alter the delicate balance of the oral flora in your mouth and make the smell worse.
If you have gum disease/bone loss you should see a dentist twice a year for routine check-ups and a dental hygienist 3 or 4 times a year.
Please write back if you have additional questions.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

Both alcohol and tobacco are extremely drying to the oral mucosa. Alcohol desiccates (dries out) the tissue and breaks the cement that holds the epithelial cells together which may result in local irritation, mild sloughing and superficial dryness.Tobacco is also extremely drying and irritating and leaves a residue in the mouth.
When the oral cavity is extremely dry the salivary output is not enough to provide adequate salivary clearance and therefore the normal oral flora - microbial, bacterial and fungal organisms - become denser and more irritating to the oral mucosa. There are not more organisms but they are not diluted by saliva and therefore are a sludge. The organisms are both aerobic and anaerobic and as such can also "ferment".
So you are correct that dryness can cause bad breath, however your alcohol and cigarette use are most likely the culprit here. I strongly suggest that you try to decrease your alcohol and cigarette intake. In addition to making your mouth feel better you will find that your breath is fresher.
If this does not improve your breath you should see an Ear Nose and Throat doctor as post nasal drip and sinus infection can also cause a bad smell. If that is not the source of the smell you should see a Gastro-Intestinal doctor as reflux can cause bad taste as well.
I hope this helps.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

Unfortunately with out a face to face clinical consult there is not enough information for me to guide you at this time.
I would strongly suggest that you see your physician or dentist so that they can accurately assess the current state of your oral health.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

I hope that your girlfriend is feeling better and that her lip is healing.
In general vertical lip ulcers affect the lower lip and are chronic. They open and bleed, begin to heal and then split again. The lip next to the ulcer becomes fibrotic (dense and scar like, like a keloid) with very little blood flow so tbe feel hard and non pliable. This type of lip ulcer will, in general, not go away on its own and topical medication is not usually effective.
Vertical lip ulcers tend to get worse with changes in weather and decrease in humidity, this can include air conditioning and dry heat in addition to climate change.
If this presentation is consistent with your girlfriends situation you may want to suggest that she sees an oral surgeon or a plastic surgeon who can treat the lip. It is not normal to have bleeding from the lip for this much time and it is in her best interest to get a diagnosis and treatment.
There are no balms or topical dressings I can suggest without a prescription.
She should not use petroleum jelly as it is hydrophilic and will draw out moisture from the lip, exactly the opposite of what she needs. The skin of the lip is very thin and petroleum jelly is great for knees and elbows but it is contraindicated for the lips. Bees wax or glycerin would be better choices.
I hope that this helps!
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

Hi again, sorry, the TMJ is the Temporal-Mandibular-Joint, the joint you use to open and close your mouth under your ear.
Ainu was a typo, it should have read pain.
Your clinical description is more suggestive, especially over time, of a tooth related problem.
I would suggest that you see a dentist and have any tooth related pain addressed and then reassess your oral pain.
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread

That is an excellent question without a simple answer. The basic answer is no, candida is not contagious and you cannot give or get candida from oral sex.
Even if it were contagious it would present intraorally and would not affect your lips.
This does not mean that you don't have a yeast infection. What you need to know is that candida is a normal part of the oral flora, it is supposed to be in your mouth. So what you are dealing with is really an overgrowth of your yeast, the yeast living in your mouth which is a normal healthy part of your oral environment.
Anti fungal medication will treat this overgrowth effectively, however, the yeast infection would have resolved on its own given time.
In addition even if you did "catch" something, especially something like candidiasis, it would have gotten better by now. Two months is a long time to have an acute response to a sexual act.The likelihood is that the sore mouth and peeling lips are not sexually related at all.
If it does not go away completely with the anti fungal medication you should see a specialist in either oral medicine or oral pathology and confirm that you have the right diagnosis.
I hope this helps!
Dr. Gwen Cohen BrownView Thread
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